{"id":13848945,"date":"2023-11-24T07:01:55","date_gmt":"2023-11-24T07:01:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=13848945"},"modified":"2023-11-24T07:04:11","modified_gmt":"2023-11-24T07:04:11","slug":"cau-tao-dong-co-dien-cua-xe-dap-dien-khong-choi-than-va-cac-bo-phan-chinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/cau-tao-dong-co-dien-cua-xe-dap-dien-khong-choi-than-va-cac-bo-phan-chinh\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5i than v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ba pha ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5i than. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed giao ti\u1ebfp (ECM), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 Brushless kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5i than (BLDC). Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y YP.VN s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea7y c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5i than.
\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> ki\u1ec3u moay \u01a1 b\u00e1nh n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c quay \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, stato \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, \u1ed5 bi c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed5i than v\u00e0 n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xoay ngo\u00e0i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i xe \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xoay ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n nijia, xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m133, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n xmen, xe \u0111i\u1ec7n vespa v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f2ng xe \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xoay ngo\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1nh r\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c. Do c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 BLDC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00e1c. \u1ede ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea7y c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 xe m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. N\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \n

    N\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> \u1edf hai b\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau , m\u1ed9t b\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng phanh sau, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp l\u00edp xe trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u00e0nh ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoan c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00edt \u1ed1c, s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean hai l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 8, 9 l\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c 10 l\u1ed7 tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i n\u1eafp t\u00f9y lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    \u1ede ph\u1ea7n trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u1eafp c\u00f3 g\u1eafn c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng bi, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u00f2ng bi c\u1ee7a hai n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1c nhau. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai lo\u1ea1i v\u00f2ng bi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 6202, 6203, 6204, vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i v\u00f2ng bi n\u00e0o c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng xe m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u1edbn tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 to h\u01a1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n v\u00f2ng bi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00f9n \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ef1c quay cho Roto. V\u1eady 2 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u1edf hai b\u00ean s\u1ebd quay c\u00f9ng v\u00e0nh xe trong khi xe ch\u1ea1y, ch\u00ednh c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng bi l\u1eafp tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 quay t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

    2. Stato \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

    \n

    Stato:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y, tr\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n (bao g\u1ed3m khung s\u1eaft t\u1eeb g\u1eafn v\u00e0o tr\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a 3 pha qu\u1ea5n v\u00e0o l\u00f5i s\u1eaft, b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn Hall g\u1eafn tr\u00ean l\u00f5i s\u1eaft) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong.<\/p>\n

    B\u1ed9 3 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn Hall \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u00e0o Stato, tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ch c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn c\u00e1c d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n. B\u1ed9 g\u1ed3m 5 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 d\u00e2y ngu\u1ed3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00e2m, 3 d\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u00e0u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi 3 d\u00e2y pha c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    B\u1ed9 3 d\u00e2y pha \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecdng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u00e1 th\u00e9p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c pha c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u1ec3u h\u00ecnh sao. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c pha s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1edfi c\u00e1c m\u00e0u kh\u00e1c nhau (V\u00e0ng, xanh l\u00e1, Xanh d\u01b0\u01a1ng).<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c l\u00e1 th\u00e9p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p s\u00e1t nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1edbi v\u1edbi tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh s\u1eaft, tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Hai \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec7n ren, g\u1ed1c tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f2ng bi. M\u1ed9t ph\u00eda tr\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoan r\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1ed3n d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

    3. Roto \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

    \n

    Tr\u1ee5c quay (roto):<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/a> xe \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5c xoay (l\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 2 b\u00ean, nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu, v\u00e0nh + l\u1ed1p g\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u00e0nh) do \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 tr\u1ee5c xoay ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng nam ch\u00e2m g\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t trong c\u1ee7a v\u00e0nh xe ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chu vi c\u1ee7a v\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng nam ch\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u nhau v\u00e0 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o v\u00e0nh xe. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng nam ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, quan trong l\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfng nam ch\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111a s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ba pha ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5i than. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed giao ti\u1ebfp (ECM), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 Brushless kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed5i than (BLDC). Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y YP.VN… Xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13848948,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[3573],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13848945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dong-co-dien"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13848945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13848945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13848945\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media\/13848948"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13848945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13848945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13848945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}