{"id":13900497,"date":"2024-07-17T09:03:06","date_gmt":"2024-07-17T09:03:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=13900497"},"modified":"2024-07-21T01:58:33","modified_gmt":"2024-07-21T01:58:33","slug":"tong-quan-ve-hoa-chat-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/tong-quan-ve-hoa-chat-cong-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ed4NG QUAN V\u1ec0 H\u00d3A CH\u1ea4T C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. <\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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1. H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Trong h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t hay ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc\u00a0<\/span>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00ec \u201ch\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ebb g\u00e3y c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t: D\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed, d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng,\u00a0 r\u1eafn hay d\u1ea1ng plasma v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t,…<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch n\u00f3 ra th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ebb g\u00e3y c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc. H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau: kh\u00ed, l\u1ecfng, r\u1eafn, v\u00e0 plasma.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: Ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng – kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m, m\u1ef1c in, …<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

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  • H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (<\/span>c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 clo, natri hydroxit, sunfuric v\u00e0 axit nitric,..) v\u00e0 polyme.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  • H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c d\u1ee5ng: Lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, d\u1ec7t may,… \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e2y, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1n, m\u1ef1c in v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0u.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng sinh ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    2. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb th\u1eddi s\u01a1 khai t\u1edbi nay \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf l\u1ebb cho t\u1edbi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1954. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980 – 1985, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1985, ng\u00e0nh b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng 1992 – 1995.<\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 cao. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a d\u1ea7u hay h\u00f3a h\u1eefu c\u01a1, v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt; ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m, ph\u00e2n NPK,..; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: Soda, axit sunfuric, axit photphoric, axit clohydric,… Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e8n, oxy, cacbonic, than ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh, amoniac, ph\u1ee5 gia c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, que h\u00e0n, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1ef1a; H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng trong ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng: X\u0103ng d\u1ea7u, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, pin \u1eafc quy, cao su, s\u01a1n\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

    Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

    Hi\u1ec7n nay, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n: B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1ed3ng Di\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba g\u1ea7n 100 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf, d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, cho th\u1ea5y nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn t\u1eeb Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

    M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a khai th\u00e1c h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh, ch\u01b0a t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u0111a ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 cao su. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u1eadp trung nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t xanh, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u01a1 quan qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

    3. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t axit sunfuric (H2SO4)<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

    L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t. Axit Sunfuric (Acide Sulfurique) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 H<\/span>2<\/span>SO<\/span>4<\/span>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 bay h\u01a1i. H<\/span>2<\/span>SO<\/span>4\u00a0<\/span>l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u01b0a axit, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111i\u00f4x\u00edt l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb oxi ho\u00e1, hay l\u00e0 Axit Sunfuric b\u1ecb oxi ho\u00e1.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    H<\/span>2<\/span>SO<\/span>4<\/span>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra axit photphoric – l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m sunfat, ph\u1ea9m nhu\u1ed9m, luy\u1ec7n kim, s\u01a1n, d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf,\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Axit Sunfuric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng, k\u1ebdm, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea1,…; s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf HNO3, HCL,..; x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i; s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n,…<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n

    H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t sodium hydroxide (NaOH)<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00fat \u0103n da ch\u1eafc ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t Natri hydroxide hay hydroxide natri<\/span><\/p>\n

    X\u00fat \u0103n da hay Natri hydroxide (hydroxide natri) c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m NaOH – m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a natri. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y ta th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p NaOH trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda. C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft NaOH kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u1edf th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng m\u00f9i; \u1edf th\u1ec3 l\u00f2ng hay dung d\u1ecbch s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nh\u1eddn.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, NaOH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ng\u00e0nh nhu\u1ed9m, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec3, y h\u1ecdc hay h\u00f3a d\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ef9 ph\u1ea9m,…<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi… Xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13900500,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2502],"tags":[42387,42386],"class_list":["post-13900497","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoa-chat-cong-nghiep","tag-cong-nghiep","tag-hoa-chat"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13900497","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13900497"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13900497\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media\/13900500"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13900497"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13900497"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13900497"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}