{"id":6244034,"date":"2021-10-21T03:15:19","date_gmt":"2021-10-21T03:15:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=6244034"},"modified":"2021-10-21T16:15:03","modified_gmt":"2021-10-21T09:15:03","slug":"ung-dung-cua-axit-sulfuric-trong-cong-nghiep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/ung-dung-cua-axit-sulfuric-trong-cong-nghiep\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Axit Sulfuric trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 class=\"header\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Axit Sulfuric trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Axit sunfuric<\/strong>\u00a0(m\u1ed9t axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, oxy v\u00e0 hydro v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 H2SO4) l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/yp.vn\/nganh-nghe\/cong-nghiep-co-khi-cong-nghiep-102\/hoa-chat-va-may-moc-cong-nghiep\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Axit sunfuric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a pH trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn qu\u1eb7ng, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, tinh ch\u1ebf d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf&#8230;[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244047&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Axit sunfuric l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, h\u01a1i nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f3 bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 tan v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/li>\n<li>Axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00fat m\u1ea1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t n\u00ean khi pha lo\u00e3ng ph\u1ea3i cho t\u1eeb t\u1eeb axit \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec H2SO4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y b\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n<li>Axit sunfuric c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m than h\u00f3a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244046&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Axit sunfuric lo\u00e3ng<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244049&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Axit sunfuric l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t axit m\u1ea1nh, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chung c\u1ee7a axit nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Axit sunfuric H2SO4 l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec3n m\u00e0u qu\u1ef3 t\u00edm th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecf.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc H (tr\u1eeb Pb) t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i sunfat:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Fe + H2SO4 \u2192 FeSO4 + H2<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi oxit bazo t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi (trong \u0111\u00f3 kim lo\u1ea1i gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb) v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>FeO + H2SO4 \u2192 FeSO4 + H2O<\/p>\n<p><strong>Axit sunfuric t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi bazo t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>H2SO4 + NaOH \u2192 NaHSO4 + H2O<\/p>\n<p>H2SO4\u00ad + 2NaOH \u2192 Na2SO4 + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p><strong>Axit sunfuric t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi mu\u1ed1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i m\u1edbi (trong \u0111\u00f3 kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb) v\u00e0 axit m\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Na2CO3 + H2SO4 \u2192 Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2<\/p>\n<p>H2SO4 + 2KHCO3 \u2192 K2SO4 + 2H2O + 2CO2<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eb7c<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Axit sunfuric \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh axit m\u1ea1nh, oxi h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i: Khi cho m\u1ea3nh Cu v\u00e0o trong H2SO4 t\u1ea1o ra dung d\u1ecbch c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed bay ra v\u1edbi m\u00f9i s\u1ed1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Cu + 2H2SO4 \u2192 CuSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi phi kim t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh oxit phi kim + H2O + SO2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C + 2H2SO4 \u2192 CO2 + 2H2O + 2SO2 (nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9)<\/p>\n<p>2P + 5H2SO4 \u2192 2H3PO4 + 5SO2 + 2H2O<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2FeO + 4H2SO4 \u2192 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O<\/p>\n<p><strong>Axit sunfuric c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh h\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a Axit sunfuric v\u00e0o c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u \u0111en v\u00e0 phun tr\u00e0o v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C12H22O11 + H2SO4 \u2192 12C + H2SO4.11H2O<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t sunfuric<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244050&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]Axit sunfuric l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c. H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t H2SO4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ch\u1ea5t gi\u1eb7t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 s\u1ee3i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo, s\u01a1n m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Axit sunfuric ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit photphoric, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n photphat, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Amoni sunfat.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244048&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Axit sunfuric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng trong l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u00e9p v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch t\u1ea9y g\u1ec9.<\/li>\n<li>Ngo\u00e0i ra, axit sunfuric c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m sunfat (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ph\u00e8n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y). S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1i sunfat, t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea1, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p axit v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i trong h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u1eafc quy, axit ch\u00ec&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 160 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n H2SO4, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n 30%, luy\u1ec7n kim 2%, ph\u1ea9m nhu\u1ed9m 2%, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo 5%, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda 14%, gi\u1ea5y, s\u1ee3i 8%&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><strong>Trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244051&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_empty_space][vc_column_text]S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m hidroxit l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n m\u00f9i v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, trung h\u00f2a pH trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ion Mg2+, Ca2+ c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: V\u1ec1 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a axit sunfuric, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m, h\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y b\u1ecfng r\u1ed9p da. V\u00ec th\u1ebf khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00ean trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng, m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u trang, t\u1ee7 h\u00fat khio pha ch\u1ebf&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: hoachatnhapkhauvn[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text] \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Axit Sulfuric trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p &nbsp; Axit sunfuric\u00a0(m\u1ed9t axit v\u00f4 c\u01a1 g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, oxy v\u00e0 hydro v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 H2SO4) l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng, \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng&#8230; <a class=\"view-article\" href=\"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/ung-dung-cua-axit-sulfuric-trong-cong-nghiep\/\">Xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":6244048,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2502],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6244034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoa-chat-cong-nghiep"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6244034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/users\/175"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6244034"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6244034\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media\/6244048"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6244034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6244034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6244034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}