{"id":6247275,"date":"2022-01-12T01:56:57","date_gmt":"2022-01-12T01:56:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=6247275"},"modified":"2022-01-12T08:59:05","modified_gmt":"2022-01-12T01:59:05","slug":"diem-khac-nhau-giua-cac-loai-thep","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.com.vn\/diem-khac-nhau-giua-cac-loai-thep\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ngh\u0129 th\u00e9p ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa iron v\u00e0 carbon, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt ra c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 3500 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau kh\u00f4ng? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng carbon, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p<\/a> x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00f3 n\u1eefa.<\/strong><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

4 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p th\u00e0nh 4 nh\u00f3m g\u1ed3m: Carbon, Alloy, Stainless v\u00e0 Tool. V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p Carbon<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p cacbon ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ngo\u00e0i cacbon v\u00e0 s\u1eaft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m th\u00e9p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p v\u00e0 n\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm 90% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p cacbon c\u00f3 ba ph\u00e2n nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbon trong kim lo\u1ea1i: Th\u00e9p cacbon th\u1ea5p \/ Th\u00e9p nh\u1eb9 (l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 0,3% cacbon), Th\u00e9p cacbon trung b\u00ecnh (0,3\u20130,6% cacbon) v\u00e0 Th\u00e9p cacbon cao (h\u01a1n 0,6% carbon).<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0y v\u00ec gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh r\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim<\/strong><\/p>\n

h\u00e9p h\u1ee3p kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0 niken, \u0111\u1ed3ng, crom v\u00e0 \/ ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f4m. Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ebbo, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gia c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng r\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a 10-20% cr\u00f4m l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p kim c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 niken, silic, mangan v\u00e0 cacbon.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0103n m\u00f2n kh\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n \u0111\u00f3n v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong khi gi\u1eef cho v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 304 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p n\u00e0y ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb y t\u1ebf, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 th\u00e9p<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00e9p l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb khoan v\u00e0 c\u1eaft. B\u00ed m\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vonfram, molypden, coban v\u00e0 vanadi l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, cho n\u00ean th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m tay.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta chia c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u00e9p ra d\u1ef1a theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i th\u00e9p m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p<\/a><\/strong><\/em> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. K\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecd gi\u1eef th\u00e9p \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea3y trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh hai t\u1ea5m th\u00e9p c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau d\u00f9 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ee3p kim d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n